Sensor Size Crop Factor Calculator

Sensor Size Crop Factor Calculator

Compare camera sensor diagonal, crop factor, full-frame equivalent focal length, horizontal and vertical angle of view, pixel pitch, and diffraction sampling from real sensor dimensions.

🎯Real camera and sensor presets

Sensor, lens, and sampling inputs

Use the active imaging area, especially for video crops and stabilized modes.
This labels the equivalent focal length and angle band without changing the optics formulas.
Horizontal AOV and horizontal pixel pitch use this dimension.
Vertical AOV and vertical pixel pitch use this dimension.
Crop factor converts this actual lens focal length to full-frame field-of-view equivalence.
Used with 0.55 micron green light to compare Airy disk diameter with pixel pitch.
Enter the active still or video pixel width, not the marketing megapixel count alone.
Together with sensor height, this gives vertical pixel pitch and total megapixels.
Used to translate AOV into scene width and height at the subject plane.
Use 1.00 for full active area, or enter a video crop such as 1.10, 1.25, or 1.60.
Full-frame reference diagonal is fixed at 43.27 mm. Crop factor = 43.27 / active sensor diagonal, then multiplied by any extra video crop.
Check the inputs: sensor dimensions, focal length, pixel dimensions, distance, aperture, and crop factor must all be positive values.

Sensor crop and lens equivalence results

Effective crop factor
--
43.27 mm full-frame diagonal reference
Full-frame equivalent focal length
--
same diagonal field of view
Horizontal x vertical AOV
--
from active width, height, and lens
Average pixel pitch
--
microns per photosite estimate

📊Current sensor and optics snapshot

-- Sensor diagonal Compared with the 43.27 mm full-frame diagonal.
-- Active resolution Derived from entered pixel width and height.
-- Scene width Horizontal coverage at the subject distance.
-- Airy disk / pitch Diffraction sampling indicator at the entered f-number.

🗂Camera and sensor spec comparison grid

Preset / formatActive sensorResolution exampleDiagonalCrop factorPixel pitch
Full frame 45MP stills36.0 x 24.0 mm8192 x 546443.27 mm1.00x4.39 microns
Sony APS-C 26MP23.3 x 15.5 mm6192 x 412827.99 mm1.55x3.76 microns
Fujifilm APS-C 40MP23.5 x 15.6 mm7728 x 515228.21 mm1.53x3.04 microns
Canon APS-C 32MP22.3 x 14.9 mm6960 x 464026.83 mm1.61x3.20 microns
Micro Four Thirds 20MP17.3 x 13.0 mm5184 x 388821.64 mm2.00x3.34 microns
1 inch type compact13.2 x 8.8 mm5472 x 364815.86 mm2.73x2.41 microns
44 x 33 medium format43.8 x 32.9 mm11648 x 873654.78 mm0.79x3.76 microns
Super 35 video crop24.6 x 13.8 mm4096 x 230428.20 mm1.53x6.00 microns

📐Reference tables

Sensor classTypical active sizeDiagonalCrop factorWhat changes in framing
44 x 33 medium format43.8 x 32.9 mm54.78 mm0.79xWider view than full frame from the same focal length.
Full frame36.0 x 24.0 mm43.27 mm1.00xThe calculator reference for equivalent focal length.
APS-C large23.5 x 15.6 mm28.21 mm1.53xA 35 mm lens frames like about 54 mm on full frame.
APS-C Canon22.3 x 14.9 mm26.83 mm1.61xSlightly tighter than 1.5x APS-C formats.
Micro Four Thirds17.3 x 13.0 mm21.64 mm2.00xA 25 mm lens frames like a 50 mm full-frame lens.
1 inch type13.2 x 8.8 mm15.86 mm2.73xShort actual lenses create familiar compact-camera views.
1/1.3 phone type9.6 x 7.2 mm12.00 mm3.61xVery short actual focal lengths can still look wide.
Actual focal lengthFull frameAPS-C 1.5xMicro 4/3 2x1 inch 2.7xCommon reading
12 mm12 mm equivalent18 mm equivalent24 mm equivalent33 mm equivalentUltra-wide to wide depending on sensor.
16 mm16 mm equivalent24 mm equivalent32 mm equivalent44 mm equivalentWide on full frame, normal-ish on 1 inch.
24 mm24 mm equivalent36 mm equivalent48 mm equivalent65 mm equivalentClassic wide becomes normal or short tele.
35 mm35 mm equivalent53 mm equivalent70 mm equivalent95 mm equivalentDocumentary lens becomes portrait-leaning.
50 mm50 mm equivalent75 mm equivalent100 mm equivalent136 mm equivalentNormal lens becomes portrait or tele.
85 mm85 mm equivalent128 mm equivalent170 mm equivalent232 mm equivalentPortrait lens becomes tight telephoto.
CalculationFormulaInput variablesWhy it matters
Sensor diagonalsqrt(width² + height²)Active sensor width and height in mmDiagonal is the basis for the crop factor.
Crop factor43.27 / sensor diagonalFull-frame diagonal and active diagonalConverts actual focal length to equivalent framing.
Equivalent focal lengthactual focal length x crop factorLens focal length and crop factorCompares angle of view across sensor sizes.
Angle of view2 x atan(sensor side / (2 x focal length))Width, height, diagonal, and lens focal lengthShows the real horizontal, vertical, and diagonal view.
Pixel pitchsensor side microns / pixelsSensor dimensions and recorded pixelsConnects resolution density with sampling and diffraction.
Airy disk diameter2.44 x wavelength x f-number0.55 micron light and apertureFlags when diffraction spot size exceeds pixel pitch.
Equivalent focal bandHorizontal AOV signalTypical usePixel pitch interaction
Under 24 mm equivalentVery wide fieldRooms, architecture, action cameras, drone establishing shotsSmall pixels may still resolve fine center detail, but edges depend on lens quality.
24 to 35 mm equivalentWide natural viewTravel, interiors, street, smart camera context viewsHigher pixel counts help crop while keeping broad coverage.
35 to 60 mm equivalentNormal perspectiveGeneral stills, product photos, home documentationPixel pitch mainly affects noise and diffraction tolerance.
60 to 135 mm equivalentTight perspectivePortraits, details, distant objectsDense sensors demand steadier technique and stronger optics.
Over 135 mm equivalentNarrow telephotoWildlife, moon, license-plate-style detail, far subjectsPixel pitch and focal length make motion blur more visible.

💡Crop factor planning tips

Use the active sensor crop for the mode you will actually shoot. Stills, 4K video, electronic stabilization, and high-frame-rate modes can all use different active widths and heights, so the crop factor and AOV can change even on the same camera.
Separate framing equivalence from exposure and blur. Crop factor changes field of view. Pixel pitch changes sampling density. Aperture stays the entered f-number, although diffraction and depth-of-field comparisons need their own assumptions.

Crop factor is a measurement that compares the sensor sizes of a specific camera to that of a traditional full-frame sensor. Full-frame sensors contain a diagonal measurement of approximately 43 millimeter. If the sensor sizes of a specific camera is smaller than that of a full-frame sensor, the crop factor will be a number greater than one.

A crop factor that is greater than one indicates that the lens will cover a smaller area of the scene. If the sensor size of the camera is larger than that of a full-frame sensor, such as if it is a medium format sensor, the crop factor will be a number less than one. A crop factor that is less than one, however, indicates that the lens will cover a wider area of the scene.

How crop factor changes what your camera sees

Thus, crop factor is a measurement that determine the amount of a scene that a specific cameras lens will record. The angle of view of a scene is also affected by the crop factor of the sensor. As the crop factor increase, the horizontal and vertical angles of view will decrease.

A decreased angle of view means that the scene that the sensor captures appears more zoom in. For instance, if a photographer use a 50 millimeter lens on a sensor with the same size as a full-frame sensor, the angle of view will be normal. However, using the same 50 millimeter lens on a sensor that is smaller than a full-frame sensor will result in a more zoomed-in image.

Thus, cameras with high crop factors, such as smartphones, often use lenses with a short focal length to provide the viewer with a wide angle of view. The crop factor is also related to the pixel pitch of the sensor. Pixel pitch is a measurement of the distance between the photosites of the sensor.

Pixel pitch is important in that pixel pitch determines the resolution of the sensor. Sensors with high pixel densities has many small pixels on the sensor. High pixel densities allow for high resolutions, but the small size of the pixels relates to the concept of diffraction.

If the pixels of a sensor have a small pixel pitch, diffraction will occur more easily when using a small aperture to gain depth of field. Diffraction is the spreading of light waves as they pass through the aperture of a lens. As the f-number increases, the diameter of an Airy disk increases.

An Airy disk is a pattern of bright spots created by diffraction. If the diameter of the Airy disk is larger than the pixel pitch of the sensor, the resulting image will appear softly. By entering the pixel pitch of the sensor into a calculator that calculates the diameter of the Airy disk, the photographer can determine if using an aperture with a high f-number will negatively impact the sharpness of the image.

Thus, using an increased depth of field can result in a loss of image sharpness. Finally, crop factor is related to video recording. Many cameras that record video dont utilize the entire sensor of the camera for recording video.

For instance, video cameras utilize only a portion of the sensor to record 4K video. By utilizing only a portion of the sensor for recording video, the effective crop factor is increased. This increased crop factor results in a field of view while recording video that is narrower than that of the still images of the camera.

By entering the extra video multiplier of the sensor into a calculator that calculates the sensors field of view, photographers can understand how the video will appear to the viewer. Additionally, the distance of the subject of the photograph and the width of the scene in the photograph is also affected by crop factor. For instance, at a certain distance from the subject, a lens will cover a certain width of the scene.

A lens on a full-frame sensor will cover a wider area than a lens on a smaller sensor at the same distance. Thus, crop factor affects the area of the environment that is included in the photograph. The pixel density of the sensor also affects how much cropping is allowed in post-production software.

For instance, an APS-C sensor with 40 megapixels will have a higher pixel density than a full-frame sensor with 24 megpixels. Thus, the APS-C sensor will allow for more cropping. High pixel densities, however, also indicate that the pixels of the sensor are small in size.

Small pixels also indicate that more diffraction will occur in relation to the aperture of the lens. Many photographers make mistake when they confuse the actual focal length of the lens with the equivalent focal length. The actual focal length is the physical length of the lens.

The equivalent focal length is the focal length after the crop factor is applied to the lens. Thus, a 35 millimeter lens will always be a 35 millimeter lens. On an APS-C sensor, however, a 35 millimeter lens will cover the same angle of view as a 53 millimeter lens.

By entering both the crop factor and the equivalent focal length into the calculation software, photographers can avoid making the mistake of confusing these two different measurements. You should of checked the specs first.

Sensor Size Crop Factor Calculator

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